A Study of Electromagnetic Radiation from Monopole Antennas on Spherical-Lossy Earth Using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method

Radiation from monopole antennas on spherical-lossy earth is studied using the finitedifference time-domain (FDTD) method in spherical coordinates. To overcome difficulties arising from the inhomogeneous and lossy nature of the problem and to increase accuracy and convenience of simulation some measures are taken, such as using an efficient nonuniform meshing scheme, a novel generalized perfectly matched layer (PML) capable of truncating inhomogeneous-lossy media, an excitation signal in the form of sine carrier modulated by Gaussian pulse SCMGP) and “computational window”. Thereforeپ large-scale problems can be solved and simulations can be carried out more easily