Analysis of Microstrip Fractal Patch Antenna by 3-D FDTD Method And Optimization with Genetic Algorithm

In this paper we have analyzed microstrip fractal patch antennas using 3-D finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and compared the results with experimental and numerical ones obtained by commercial software Ansoft Ensemble. The application of fractal geometry to conventional antenna structure optimizes the shape of the antenna in order to increase its electrical length. Microstrip fractal patch antennas are capable of achieving wide bandwidth, multiband and reduced antenna size for lower resonance frequency range. And A technique for the miniaturization of microstrip rectangular patches is presented. It consists on an optimization procedure based on genetic algorithms. The shape of a typical rectangular patch is modified in order to increase its bandwidth frequency keeping the physical volume of the antenna constant